Prostate Cancer

Overview

Prostate cancer occurs when abnormal cells develop in the prostate gland. It is the most common cancer among men globally, but most cases are slow-growing and highly treatable.

Symptoms

Early prostate cancer usually causes no symptoms. Advanced disease may cause difficulty urinating, blood in urine or semen, bone pain, and erectile dysfunction.

Screening

PSA blood testing is recommended starting at age 50 for average-risk men, and earlier for those with family history or genetic risk factors.

Treatment Options

• Active surveillance for low-risk disease
• Radical prostatectomy (open or robotic)
• Radiation therapy (external beam or brachytherapy)
• Hormonal therapy (androgen deprivation therapy)
• Chemotherapy and targeted therapies for advanced disease